Loom.



I. SNOW.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED 11mm, 1914.

Patented Mar. 16, 1915.

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LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED APRA, 1914.

1,1 32,223. Patented Mar. 16, 1915.

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ISAAC SNOW, OF LAWRENCE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR T0 DRAPEB COMPANY, OF HOPEDALE, MASSAQHU$ETTS, A (lOfilPOR-ATION OF MAINE LOOM.

Application filed. April 4, 1914.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ISAAC Snow, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lawrence, county of Essex, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Looms, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

The invention to be hereinafter described relates to looms for weaving, wherein the warp threads are separated'to form a shed for the passage of a shuttle carrying the weft or filling threads.

Those skilled in the art are familiar with the difiiculty experienced in forming smooth and even selvages to the cloth, especially when certain kinds or character of threads are employed, due to the fact that as the shuttle is picked the weft or filling thread between the fell of the cloth and the shuttle first becomes slack and then drags over the warp threads as the shuttle proceeds to the opposite box. This slack enables the weft or filling to assume a loop form and the twist already in the thread at once acts to turn the runs or parts of the loop about each other into a twisted loop. This may happen as the shuttle leaves the box, and then, as the shuttle proceeds through the shed, it will pull upon this twisted loop and drag the weft or filling over the warp threads. The friction between the warp threads and the weft or filling, however, is such that movement of the weft or filling in response to the shuttle pull fails to untwist or straighten out the parts of the loop but rather emphasizes this objectionable condition with the result that weft or filling is pulled from the shuttle and the twisted loop of filling ultimately appears at the selvage of the cloth as a kink or snarl of thread. This isparticularly liable to happen in the use of some kinds of thread, such for instance, as hard twisted thread or where the thread is not sufliciently set, and in any case these snarls 0r loops produce an uneven and objectionably rough selvage.

With these general conditions in mind, the aims and purposes of the present invention are to provide means whereby a uniform, smooth, and even selvage will be formed in the cloth, all of which will best be made clear from the following description and accompanying drawings of one Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 16, 1915.

Serial No. 829,675.

form of such means for carrying the invention into practical effect, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details of such means, but that it may be varied wlthin the true scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

In the drawings :Figure 1 represents in plan view so much of one side of a loom as is necessary to show the present invention and the parts with which it cooperates. Fig. 2 is a similar view with the lay back of its front position and just prior to picking the shuttle; Fig-3 shows a somewhat similar View just after the shuttle has been picked; Fig. 4 is a sectional detail on the line M, Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a detached View of the filling loop preventer in one of its preferred forms.

In the drawings, the loom frame 1, the breast beam 2, the lay 3, the shuttle box 4:, shuttle 5, picker 6, picker stick 7, temple 8 and its holder, and the means for operating the lay and picker stick, as well as other general features of the loom, may be of any desired form or construction, and being well understood by those skilled in the art, these parts and their operative relations need not be further shown or described herein. As shown, the loom is of the general type known as a filling replenishing loom and in which the stand 9 for the hopper or feeder is shown as broken away, but it is to be distinctly understood that so far as the present invention is concerned, it is applicable to any usual form of loom, regardless of whether it be of the filling replenishing type or not.

As hereinbefore noted, when the shuttle is in its box and the lay has beaten up the weft or filling thread, substantially as indicated in Fig. 1, the filling 0 extends from the edge of the cloth a to the delivery eye of the shuttle, such portion of the filling of course being beyond the edge of the cloth. When the shuttle is picked this portion 0 of the weft or filling slackens as the shuttle moves from its box into the shed. At this time the weft or filling is liable to become kinked or snarled, due to the twist in the weft or filling itself, and this kinked or snarled condition is liable to be increased by the frictional drag of the filling over the warp threads 5 as the shuttle passes to the opposite box. When the filling becomes thus snarled or kinked, particularly if the snarl or kink depends below the warps in the lower shed or has been thrown above the warps in the .upper shed, this frictional dragbecomesso great that instead of theweft or filling being straightened out between the edge of the cloth and the shuttle when the latter reaches the opposite boX, the Weft or filling willbe drawn from the shuttle itself, leaving the snarl, kink or twist in the weft or filling beyond the edge of the cloth, thereby producing rough, uneven and objectionable selvage.

The present invention contemplates means "for preventingthe formation of such uneven or rough selvages, and as oneform of such means provides a device on the front of'the lay between the warp threads. and the adjacent shuttle box which may. engage the weft or 'filling thread when the shuttle is in'the adjacent box, and prevent the formation of snarls or kinks in the threadias the shuttle proceeds to thebox at the opposite side of the loom, all of which will presently appear.

'Inasmuch as the device referred to prevents the formation of'loops or snarls in theweft or filling thread, it may, for identification merely, 'be hereinafter referred to as a filling snarl preventer, and as one form of such device it may comprise a hook secured to the front ofthe lay between the .shuttlebox and the warp threads andhaving its open end facing to the rear.

In the drawings the snarl preventer is shownas a hook,"10,the,lo wer end of which maybe secured to the front of'the lay 3 by any suitable means such as a bolt 11. This hook is preferably bent forwardly at 12 to 'form a shoulder, as indicated, ,and then rises above the race 13, see Fig. 4, and has a downturned end 14 forming an entrance to the snarl preventer facing to therear of the loom, sufficient space being left between thesnarlpreventer and'the reed 15, Fig. 4:, to permit the shuttle 5 to freely pass as it is picked, from. one box to the other.

From the construction thus'far described,

' it will be apparent that when the shuttle is in the adjacent box,,the snarl preventer at that side of the lay will have presented to it the run of filling cbetween the fell of the cloth and the shuttle. The filling extendingthrough the shed at the fell of the cloth is at this timeibound in tothe cloth,so that as thelay moves back substantially as indicatedin Fig.2, the portion-of the filling 0 passes into the controlof the snarl'prev'enter, as indicated in Fig. 2. When the shuttle'is thereafter picked, as indicated in Fig. '3, the snarl preventer still maintains its control of ,the filling extending from the edge of the cloth, and as the-shuttle proceeds to the opposite box, the filling, now under control of the snarl preventer, is drawn;therefrom out of the open rear portion thereof, the filling dragging with substantially' little or nofriction overthe hard or metal surface of the snarl preventer. By

reason of thissubstantially frictionlesscondition between theffilling. and snarl preventer, such pull upon the filling as the shuttle proceeds to and reaches the opposite box, may be exerted upon the filling to straighten it: and to.;eliminate therefrom any twist .or snarl that would otherwise remain therein or'be emphasize'dby the drag and friction between the filling and the warp threads. In other words, the snarl preventer engages the filling between-the edgeof the cloth and the shuttle in the adjaoent'box, holds it as theshuttleis picked,-an'd-then permits such filling to be freely drawn from the snarl preventer by the shuttle and straightened out, so that the portion of the I filling between the previous and last picks will be straight and devoid of ikinks or snarls.

It willbe notedfrom Fig.4 that thesnarl preventer isnot only positioned in front of the lay, but extends. forward some distance and provides a support for'the slack filling as-the shuttle is picked from the adjacent box. Q

In order that the fillingmay be readily withdrawn from the snarl preventer bythe shuttle, the end portion'14 which forms the for t the ffilling'between them. This tongue 17 likethe hook 14:, is preferably provided with inclined side portions 19, so :that as the filling is drawn=tautrbythe shuttle, the

filling held by 'the snarl preventer 'may readily escape'through the passageway 18. It maybe desirable to secure the snarl preventer adjustably to't-he lay and as one means'to this end'the snarl preventer and-its tongue 17 may be formed with-a slot 20'to be engaged bythe securingrmeansll, whereby upon slackening .theisecuring'means or 'the'bolt '11, the snarl preventermay be .ad-

justed into the. desired position.

The snarl preventer may take various forms, as willbe'evident'fromthe character of the function accomplished thereby, but the hook device, as indicated in Fig. 4, has

been foundto be a good practicalembodiment of'this feature of-the invention, the

two parts liand '17 :preferably being :bent

forwardly as indicated, so that 'when the shuttle is in the adjacent .box and the lay moves back as indicated in Fig. 2, the filling cibetween :the cloth iandzthe shuttle .:may

readily pass into the control of the snarl preventer. After the snarl preventer has taken control of the filling, as indicated in Fig. 2, the filling 0 cannot readily escape therefrom until, when the shuttle is picked, it draws the loop of thread about the inclined side portions of the hook 14: or tongue 17, as the case may be, whereupon the filling will readily escape with substantially frictionless retardation by the smooth metal surface of these portions of the snarl preventer.

While the invention has been described in connection with the particular form of hook as constituting the snarl preventer, it will be at once obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes may suggest themselves, within the true scope of the actual invention, which is defined by the claims.

What is claimed is 1. In a loom, the combination of the lay and shuttle boxes, and means to engage the filling between the cloth and shuttle box and hold the loop formed in the filling as the shuttle is picked until the slack filling between the shuttle and cloth is taken up and then to give up said loop as the shuttle traverses the lay and pulls upon the filling to prevent snarling or kinking of the filling at the cloth selvage.

2. In a loom, the combination of the lay and shuttle boxes, and a snarl preventer mounted on the lay and extending in front of the race between the cloth and shuttle box to engage the filling within the loop formed in the filling as the shuttle is picked and then give up said loop as the shuttle traverses the lay and pulls upon the filling to prevent snarling or kinking of the filling at the cloth selvage.

3. In a loom, the combination of the lay and shuttle boxes, a device movable with the lay to engage the service filling between the cloth and shuttle box and extend within and hold the loop formed as the shuttle is picked and give up the loop under the pull of the shuttle when the slack in the filling between the cloth and shuttle has been taken up to prevent snarls or kinks being formed in said loop.

4. In a loom, the combination of the lay and shuttle boxes, a hook having its opening facing rearwardly and extending in front of the lay to engage the filling between the cloth and shuttle box as the lay moves back and prevent snarling of the filling at the cloth selvage.

5. In a loom, the combination of the lay and shuttle boxes, a hook mounted on the lay and extending in front of the race-way between the cloth and a shuttle box to engage the loop of filling formed as the shuttle is picked and give up that loop as the shuttle pulls upon the filling.

6. In a loom, the combination of the lay and shuttle boxes, means to engage the filling between the cloth and shuttle-box and about which the filling is passed to form an inclosing loop therein as the shuttle is picked and then give up that loop responsive to the pull of the shuttle to prevent the formation of an uneven selvage.

7. In a loom, the combination of the lay and shuttle boxes, a hook mounted on the lay and projecting in front thereof to engage the filling between the cloth and shuttle box as the lay moves back, and a means to prevent the escape of filling from the hook until the shuttle pulls upon the filling.

8. In a loom, the combination of the lay and shuttle boxes, a hook mounted on the lay between the cloth and shuttle box and having its opening facing rearwardly to permit the engagement of the filling with the hook as the lay moves back, and a tongue to prevent the escape of the filling from the hook until the shuttle pulls upon the filling as the shuttle moves to the opposite box.

9. In a loom, the combination of the lay and shuttle boxes, a snarl preventer to engage within a loop of filling formed between the cloth and shuttle as the shuttle is picked, said snarl preventer being constructed and arranged to be disengaged from said loop by the pull of the shuttle upon the filling as the shuttle traverses the la In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ISAAC SNOW. Witnesses:

BEATRICE I. SMITH, P. C. OLNEY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

